Kalithogai in the study of structural perspectives

A scientific approach is being adopted to apply various new theories of research to the manuscripts. Anatomy is one of those principles. Its impact marked a turning point in Western performance. It is considered one of the best research methods of the 20th century and is being used in various fields of social science. One of the most powerful scientific methods in the field of human culture today is structural science, which is an influential scientific method of research in the fields of literature, linguistics, folk culture, sociological politics, and psychology. This method of research is performed today on the story literature that appeared many years ago. Similar studies are currently underway in Tamil. Our ancient Tamil literatures have their own traditional structure. This article sets out to explore the basics of learning structurall

Application of a radial basis function neural network for diagnosis of diabetes mellitus

In this article an attempt is made to study the applicability of a general purpose, supervised feed forward neural network with one hidden layer, namely. Radial Basis Function (RBF) neural network. It uses relatively smaller number of locally tuned units and is adaptive in nature. RBFs are suitable for pattern recognition and classification. Performance of the RBF neural network was also compared with the most commonly used multilayer perceptron network model and the classical logistic regression. Diabetes database was used for empirical comparisons and the results show that RBF network performs better than other models

Neural reactivations during sleep determine network credit assignment.

A fundamental goal of motor learning is to establish the neural patterns that produce a desired behavioral outcome. It remains unclear how and when the nervous system solves this 'credit assignment' problem. Using neuroprosthetic learning, in which we could control the causal relationship between neurons and behavior, we found that sleep-dependent processing was required for credit assignment and the establishment of task-related functional connectivity reflecting the casual neuron-behavior relationship. Notably, we observed a strong link between the microstructure of sleep reactivations and credit assignment, with downscaling of non-causal activity. Decoupling of spiking to slow oscillations using optogenetic methods eliminated rescaling. Thus, our results suggest that coordinated firing during sleep is essential for establishing sparse activation patterns that reflect the causal neuron-behavior relationship

3D- Discrete Cosine Transform For Image Compression

Image compression addresses the problem of reducing the amount of data required to represent a digital image called the redundant data. The underlying basis of the reduction process is the removal of redundant data. The redundancy used here is pschychovisual redundancy. 3D-DCT video compression algorithm takes a full-motion digital video stream and divides it into groups of 8 frames. Each group of 8 frames is considered as a three-dimensional image, which includes 2 spatial components and one temporal component. Each frame in the image is divided into 8x8 blocks (like JPEG), forming 8x8x8 cubes. Each 8x8x8 cube is then independently encoded using the 3D-DCT algorithm: 3D-DCT, Quantizer, and Entropy encoder. A 3D DCT is made up of a set of 8 frames at a time. Image compression is one of the processes in image processing which minimizes the size in bytes of a graphics file without degrading the quality of the image to an unacceptable level. The reduction in file size allows more images to be stored in a given amount of disk or memory space. Keywords: 2D DCT, 3D DCT, JPEG, GIF, C

Randomized comparative study of safety and efficacy of oral and vaginal misoprostol in the termination of second trimester pregnancy at tertiary care institution

Background: A prospective randomized study was conducted in 72 pregnant women, with gestational period between 12 and 20 weeks, to compare the efficacy and safety of oral versus vaginal administration of misoprostol for second trimester pregnancy termination. The study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Government Kilpauk Medical College and Hospital (KMCH), Chennai, South India from November 2012 and November 2013.Methods: Women aged 18-38 years requesting MTP for maternal reason, foetal congenital anomalies and intrauterine foetal demise were randomly assigned into two groups.  Group A (n=36) had misoprostol orally while the Group B (n=36) received misoprostol by vaginal route. Dosage regimen was similar in both the groups that was 200µg every 4 hrs until the abortion occurred, maximum up to 6 doses. Efficacy included induction to delivery interval and safety included maternal complications and side-effects like nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, fever and abdominal pain and results were compared.Results: The percentage of women who delivered was significantly higher in the vaginal group than the oral group (94.44% versus 66.67%, P <0.03018) within 24 hours. The induction to delivery interval and incidence of side-effects were noted.Conclusions: Vaginal administration of misoprostol resulted in a higher success rate and misoprostol is safe and effective drug for second trimester pregnancy termination

Clinical study of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) in tertiary care centre

Background: A true definition of polycystic ovarian syndrome involves a blending of the morphological and histological ovarian changes with endocrine abnormalities associated with these changes. Objective of present study was to detect the differences among women with PCOS and without PCOS.Methods: Twenty-five subjects with PCOS were included in the study on first cum first basis and twenty-five non PCOS subjects just next to each PCOS cases were included as control group.Results: Mean age of PCOS and Non PCOS subjects were 42.68 and 43.88 years respectively. Sixteen percentage of PCOS were from higher socio-economic status, which was statistically significant. PCOS subjects had 96% hirsuitism, 48% acne, 4% heavy voice and breast atropy which was also statistically significant.Conclusions: Women with PCOS have a hormonal imbalance and metabolism problems that may affect their health and fertility, we found PCOS subjects are more in urban population with strong family history. Lifestyle modification and dietary modification helps for the long-term health prognosis. women who are at risk of PCOS to be educated and managed for the continuing health risk and planned potential therapeutic strategies. Further research has to look into possibility of genes linked into PCOS

Antixenosis resistance in okra accessions against shoot and fruit borer Earias vittella (Fab.)

The present study is to analyse the antixenosis mechanisms of resistance in ten okra accessions against Shoot and Fruit borer E. vittella. With regard to the free choice feeding preference, the accessions IC140880 and Trichi local were not preferred by any larvae even up to 8 h. The fruit damage of Coimbatore local by the larvae in 8 hours was recorded as lowest, in confined condition. The accession IC 282228 fruit was bored up to a length 9.1 cm by the larvae in 8 h. On studying the oviposition preference, the accessions IC140880 and Trichi local were least preferred by E. vittella adults. The length and breadth and number of trichomes of these accessions were recorded as maximum. It was observed that the fruit length of IC140880 were greater than other accessions whereas Trichi local recorded higher fruit width compared to other accessions. While assessing the Fruit angle to stem, Coimbatore local recorded a higher value followed by Trichi local, IC140880 and IC 218877. The incidence of shoot and fruit borer was high in IC282228.&nbsp; In overall observation, weight and yield of the fruit is high in IC140880 followed by Trichi local

Personality of a Friend in Sangam Literature

In India, families face various social problems because of love. It is a manifestation of extreme ignorance that both men and women get used to postponing marriage and rejecting marriage, not only causing mental distress but also losing their lives. In this era, it is very difficult to carry one's love life to marriage life. So every lover can approach psychologists nowadays to resolve the differences in their love marriage. But if we analyze the sangam literary songs thoroughly, the friend is the medicine that can solve the psychological problem between lovers. Friend is a female character who stands between the hero and the heroine and gives the necessary advice. How does her personality fit into the contemporary era? This article explores all this in detail